TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory.
AU  - Greenberg, L.
AU  - Horvath, A.
AB  - Present stages of development and preliminary validation of a self-report instrument for measuring the quality of alliance, the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI). The measure is based on Bordin's (1980) pantheoretical, tripartite (bonds, goals, and tasks) conceptualizaton of the alliance. Results from 3 studies were used to investigate the instrument's reliability and validity and the relations among the WAI scales. Data suggest that the WAI has adequate reliability. The instrument is reliably correlated with a variety of counselor and client self-reported outcome measures. Nontrivial relations were also observed between the WAI and other relationship indicators. Results are interpreted as preliminary support for the validity of the instrument. Although the results obtained in the reviewed studies are encouraging, the high correlations between the 3 subscales of the inventory bring into question the distinctness of the alliance components.
IS  - 2
JO  - Journal of Counseling Psychology
PY  - 1989
SP  - 223
EP  - 233
UR  - psycnet.apa.org/journals/cou/36/2/223/
VL  - 36
LA  - English
ER  -