Self-efficacy: The exercise of control
A Bandura Freeman 1997
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Purpose – This paper seeks to provide readers with a better understanding of four theory models that inform coaching practice, and to reflect on how the theoretical approach that one adopts is likely to shape one's coaching practice. Design/methodology/approach – This article is based on the authors' combined 30 years of experience a...
Coaching has received considerable attention in recent years as the responsibility for employees' learning and development has been increasingly devolved to line managers. Yet there exists little published empirical research that measures specific coaching behaviors of line managers or examines the linkages between line managers' coaching...
Coaching has become an important managerial instrument of support. However, there is lack of research on its effectiveness. The authors conducted a quasi-experimental study to figure out whether coaching really leads to presupposed individual goals. Sixty managers of the federal government were divided in two groups: one group followed a ...
Coaching is emerging as a major professional development and performance enhancement process. There are, however, few professional development programmes aimed at coaches themselves, and no internationally recognized qualification or professional standard. Much of the literature on coaching has been written by those with a human psycholog...
Executive coaching requires the ability on the part of the coach to differentiate coaching from psychotherapy while using basic psychological skills and insights. It is usually short term and issue focused. At high executive levels, its success depends heavily on the consultant's knowledge about contemporary management and political issue...
Examined the effects of executive coaching in a public sector municipal agency. 31 managers underwent a managerial training program, which was followed by 8 wks of 1-on-1 executive coaching. Training increased productivity by 22.4%. The coaching, which included goal setting, collaborative problem solving, practice, feedback, supervisory i...
The unrelenting pace of business in modern organizations places constant pressure on employees, challenging the physical and emotional resources of both staff and supervisors. Consultants have become familiar with the survivalist mentality among workers, each struggling to improve production, solve intractable conflict, and chart realisti...
This study examined the effects of executive coaching on multisource feedback over time. Participants were 1,361 senior managers who received multisource feedback; 404 of these senior managers worked with an executive coach (EC) to review their feedback and set goals. One year later, 1,202 senior managers (88% of the original sample) rece...
Executive coaching has become increasingly popular despite limited empirical evidence about its impact and wide disagreement about necessary or desired professional qualifications. This article examines the practice of executive coaching, investigating the useful underlying theories by reviewing previous research. It also provides a conce...
Numerous authors have suggested that the working relationship between coach and coachee constitutes an essential condition to the success of executive coaching. This study empirically investigated the links between the coach-coachee relationship and the success of a coaching intervention in an organizational setting. Data were collected f...
This article argues for a new way of studying executive-coaching outcomes, which is illustrated with a study based on data from 156 client– coach pairs. The argument accepts that we are unlikely to get robust data on coaching outcomes in the near future but assumes that we can expect similar effectiveness for coaching as that demonstrated...
Whereas coaching is very popular as a management tool, research on coaching effectiveness is lagging behind. Moreover, the studies on coaching that are currently available have focused on a large variety of processes and outcome measures and generally lack a firm theoretical foundation. With the meta-analysis presented in this article, we...
Coaching can be an effective and integral component of leadership development programs. Popular among human resource professionals and clients, coaching facilitates leaders’ professional growth and helps to build a powerful team—from executives to first-line managers and team leaders. Coaching has a proven track record of success, and man...
Purpose: This contribution argues for a new way of studying executive-coaching outcome. The argument accepts that we are not likely to get rigorous data on coaching outcome from well-designed clinical trials in the near future, and assumes a degree of effectiveness that is based upon the first indications and the more rigorous studies ...
The general objective of this study is to examine the coaching offered by Québec school boards to new school principals during their professional integration period. More specifically, it aims to study coaches’ perceptions of: 1) the positive impacts expected from executive coaching, 2) the factors that facilitate this coaching, and 3)...
This interpretive study explores what coaching offers to creative writers using the imagery of writers as travellers through a landscape. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with coaches and writers; data analysis used an inductive approach. Findings underlined the importance of the coach-coachee relationship and shed light on t...
Group coaching is growing as a leadership development intervention for executives, in business schools and organizations. Benefits include economies of scale, diversity of perspectives, and behavioural change. We studied the psychodynamic group coaching intervention technique practiced at a global business school. This intervention ha...
This study has three main purposes. First, it introduces the Executive Coaching Work Behaviour Survey and takes the initial steps in validating this instrument. It then explores the frequency of specific work Behaviours executive coaches use in their client interactions and examines the variability in these behaviours based on demogr...
This research explores the coach and coachee’s experience of psychometrics in coaching with specific reference to the conversation and the relationship. Three coaches and three coachees were recruited and IPA informed the data collection and analysis. The results indicate that psychometrics affect the speed at which issues are accessed...
To prepare executives for the competitive and dynamic world of business, MBA and EMBA programmes have begun using executive coaching to develop high-functioning executives. Of the top 10 EMBA programmes discussed in the 2011 US News and World Report, all offered some form of executive coaching to their students. Despite this, many prog...
This article proposes that regardless of the conceptual coaching approach, the coaching alliance is a universal concept related to positive coaching outcome. Drawing from coaching and coaching psychol- ogy research, counselling and psychotherapy outcome research and applications across allied domains, the Coaching Alliance is defined a...
This article contributes to the organizational learning literature by providing empirical evidence of how coaching enables the translation from individual learning into collective learning, i.e. enacting behaviours, enacting a coaching approach and embedding collective learning processes. It draws on interview data gathered in two law fir...
Although executive coaching has become increasingly popular in the corporate world for the last 2 decades, there have been few empirical studies on how the match between coach and coachee affects the coaching relationship. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of gender similarity and perceived similarity on executive-coach...
Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between shared industry or professional experience and client goal achievement. Design: An exploratory, quantitative approach was taken to survey the degree to which shared experience influenced the client’s coach selection decision and the impact on client goal achievement. Results: Findings ...
This paper examines the behaviours associated with managerial coaching and assesses the implications for leadership theory. Survey data from 521 line-managers are analysed to: identify the behaviours associated with managerial coaching; examine factors that affect the propensity of managers to undertake coaching; and discuss the impli...
This research uses heuristic inquiry to provide insight into experiences of generating questions in coaching. Eight experienced coaches, recruited as co-researchers, shared their experiences of generating coaching questions via post-coaching reflections and conversational interviews. Thematic analysis of the data identified that coaches n...
Despite its importance, there seems to be no research into listening in coaching. Of the few texts that explore it, only Cox (2013) presents a theoretical foundation. In contrasting coaching’s constructivist nature with therapy’s reconstructive disposition, Cox suggests that misunderstandings are key, causing coach and client to review th...
The coaching relationship is seen as integral to individual coaching, but less is known about the nature of the relationship within a team coaching context. This study explores the importance that leadership team coaching practitioners attach to the coaching relationship and as a consequence what that means for how they work with teams. A...
A grounded theory research design was used to explore how executive coaches help professionals deal with workplace intimidation. Workplace intimidation has a negative impact on targets of repeated hostile actions and language directed toward them by another employee at work. The phenomenon also has a negative effect on organizations in t...
The evaluation of the exact impact of executive coaching on both individuals and organisations is lagging behind. This has been demonstrated by the few empirical studies which link coaching to improved outcomes. This particular research project focuses on the coaching of leaders in organisations. It draws on resources from the fields of L...
Lifespan psychology suggests that executives in their 30s, 40s, and 50s represent different maturational levels and professional experience. To date, research has not explored the relationship between the age of an executive and the coaching process or coaching outcomes. We hypothesized that executives in these age ranges would respond di...
The coaching/counselling boundary is much talked about and yet there has been little research into how novice coaches identify the boundary in practice. This article explores how novice business coaches attempt to identify the boundary in their practice. The research employs a constructivist grounded theory approach, with seven novice bus...
What do we know from qualitative research in coaching and mentoring about client attributes that may be important to effectiveness?
In the coaching context of an ongoing search for evidence-based research, and increasing interest in the ‘active ingredients’ of coaching the impetus for ‘the coaching relationship – and beyond’ was the quest for deeper understanding of the coaching relationship as well as its influence on the outcomes of coaching. It is a presentation, o...
The advent of the current stage of coaching research seeking to identify how coaching works, or the ‘active ingredients’ of coaching has taken coaching relationship research into a more prominent position. In exploring the questions of what we know about the coaching relationship and its role in coaching and coaching outcomes, and how we ...
The majority of the numerous train-the-coach courses in the growing coaching market are not evidence-based and evaluate neither the personal development of coaches during these courses nor their effects on clients’ subsequent coaching success. The aim of our study was to investigate the development of coaches’ career-related variables dur...
This study explored the perceptions of an employee’s manager as coach behaviour and the relationship to their perceived work engagement. The Measurement Model of Coaching Skills (MMCS) by Park and colleagues and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) were used as the tools to measure this relationship. The MMCS was also validated furthe...
Although theoretical and applied work has emphasized the critical role of coachee personality in the coaching process, little empirical research has identified specific personality traits as moderating variables. Drawing from social-psychological theories, we examined coachees’ ability to modify self-presentation, a major facet of the sel...
Previous researchers showed manager coaches face challenges setting up effective employee coaching relationships with their direct reports. Previous quantitative studies about the employee coaching relationship have not fully captured the common factors of effective coaching relationships that contribute to successful coaching outcomes. T...
Based on definitions of coaching, coaches support their clients with their self-determination as well as their self-congruent, self-valued goals; in other words and with regard to Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 2000), coaches support their clients’ autonomy need. In this paper, we present an overview of three research studie...
Research into workplace-training suggests actions taken by managers, such as discussing applying the training, can significantly impact the effectiveness of training. However, little is known as to whether these findings translate to workplace-coaching. This mixed-methods study gathered information on current practices involving managers ...
Research on client dropout in business coaching is scarce even though dropouts can have consequences for clients, coaches, organizations, and the validity of coaching research. In this article, a conceptualization and definition of client dropout are developed and justified. Client dropout is defined as the early termination of coaching b...
The literature on reflection, awareness, and self-regulation provides theoretical and empirical fruit for understanding self-processing mechanisms that enhance learning, growth, and performance. A literature review was conducted to explore the potential of reflection, awareness, and self-regulation as developmental tools for coaches. Fro...
Orientation: Coaching continues to grow in importance as a learning and developmental intervention in organisations. It is therefore important to understand what makes coaching successful. Research purpose: The coaching relationship is a known predictor of coaching success, and trust is a key ingredient of a high-quality coach–coachee...